This thesis deals with estimation of states and parameters in nonlinear and non-Gaussian dynamic systems. Sequential Monte Carlo methods are mainly used to this end. These methods rely on models of the underlying system, motivating some developments of the model concept. One of the main reasons for the interest in nonlinear estimation is that problems…
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are encountered for example in communications if several transmit and receive antennas are empoyed, such that a separate transmit channel exists between every possible pairing of transmitter and receiver antennas. As a results if this spatial diversity, the channel capacity is dramatically increased over the single-inout single-output (SISO) case. While this…
Either in color camera-based images or in low resolution thumbnails, inherent degradations, such as complex backgrounds, artistic fonts, uneven lighting or unsatisfactory resolution, must be taken into account. In order to circumvent or correct them, studies of image formation and degradation sources challengingly led to overcome too constrained definitions of color spaces. Hence the selective…
Machine vision applies computer vision to industry and manufacturing in order to control or analyze a process or activity. Typical application of machine vision is the inspection of produced goods like electronic devices, automobiles, food and pharmaceuticals. Machine vision systems form their judgement based on specially designed image processing softwares. Therefore, image processing is very…
This thesis presents a comprehensive example framework on how current multiple model state estimation algorithms for jump Markov linear systems can be improved. The possible improvements are categorized as: -Design of multiple model state estimation algorithms using new criteria. -Improvements obtained using existing multiple model state estimation algorithms. In the first category, risk-sensitive estimation is…
When the transmitter of a communication system disposes of some Channel State Information (CSI it is possible to design linear precoders that optimally allocate the power inducing high gains either in terms of capacity or in terms of reliable communications. In practical scenarios, this channel knowledge is not perfect and thus the transmitted signal suffers…
In recent years, the usage of digital video has steadily been increasing. Since the amount of data for uncompressed digital video representation is very high, lossy source coding techniques are usually employed in digital video systems to compress that information and make it more suitable for storage and transmission. The source coding algorithms for video…
This Thesis is focused on the combination of multiple biometric traits for automatic person authentication, in what is called a multimodal biometric system. More generally, any type of biometric information can be combined in what is called a multibiometric system. The information sources in multibiometrics include not only multiple biometric traits but also multiple sensors,…
L?objectif de cette these consiste en l?etude et la construction de nouvelles transformees scalables mises en jeu dans le schema de codage video t+2D, afin d?ameliorer le gain en compression. L?utilisation du formalisme lifting lors de la construction de ces transformees spatio-temporelles permet l?introduction d?operateurs non-lineaires, particulierement utiles pour representer efficacement les singularites et discontinuites…
The solution to many image restoration and reconstruction problems is often defined as the minimizer of a penalized criterion that accounts simultaneously for the data and the prior. This thesis deals more specifically with the minimization of edge-preserving penalized criteria. We focus on algorithms for large-scale problems. The minimization of penalized criteria can be addressed…
